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RV2 — where the open sits in the value area, and where the RTH closes · ES

ES · decision at 09:30 New York · 1607 daily bars up to 2026-08-14

Verdict — ES

Where does the RTH close relative to the previous day's value area, given where it opened at 09:30?

The position of the open carries: below VA → below VA 69.1 % (n = 243) · inside VA → inside VA 36.2 % (n = 326) · above VA → above VA 68.6 % (n = 347). That is a conditional frequency, not a model — the table below is the entire result.

Setup
Decision time09:30 New York — bars up to t−1 complete, the opening print and every tick of session t before 09:30
Targetposition of rc against the previous day's [rval, rvah] — below, inside, above
Data window2020-05-29 to 2026-08-14 · 1607 daily bars · last day 2026-08-14
Walk-forwardDev ≤ 2022 (definitions only), test 2023 / 2024 / 2025 / 2026, expanding with a yearly refit
HoldoutThe PX holdout from 2026-05-01 concerns the PX theses on the tick store. This study is a walk-forward over 2023 to 2026 on daily data — explicitly approved by the user for regime rounds 1 and 2. Every test year is computed from data before it only; no fit ever sees its own test slice.

3×3 — open position against close position

Row = where the RTH opens at 09:30 against the previous day's value area, cells = where it closes. Majority is the largest cell of the row — exactly what a rule without further information would reach.

YearOpen positionnclose below %close inside %close above %Majority %
2023below VA7970.922.86.370.9
2023inside VA8414.339.346.446.4
2023above VA8916.915.767.467.4
2024below VA5669.616.114.369.6
2024inside VA9925.342.432.342.4
2024above VA10013.017.070.070.0
2025below VA6365.117.517.565.1
2025inside VA8431.031.038.138.1
2025above VA10516.219.064.864.8
2026below VA4571.16.722.271.1
2026inside VA5939.028.832.239.0
2026above VA5313.211.375.575.5
pooledbelow VA24369.116.914.069.1
pooledinside VA32626.436.237.437.4
pooledabove VA34715.016.468.668.6
How to read this report
Base Ratethe unconditional frequency in the training window, and at the same time the constant comparison forecast.
Baselinethe number a model has to beat. Three of them here: base rate, majority (always the more frequent class) and persistence.
Persistencethe forecast “today like yesterday” — the value of the same target on the previous day, turned into a rate.
BSSBrier skill score: what percentage of the base rate constant's Brier score the model saves. 0 means equally good, negative means worse.
AUCthe probability that a random positive day is scored above a random negative one. 50 is a coin flip.
Brierthe mean squared error of the probability. Smaller is better.
Sharpnesson what percentage of the days the model says something clear (p ≥ 0.7 or ≤ 0.3) and how often it hits there. A calibrated model without sharpness is useless.
Value Areathe price band [rval, rvah] in which 70 % of the RTH volume traded. Always the previous day's here.
Trend Dayan RTH with a body ratio ≥ 0.6 — the body of the daily candle fills at least 60 % of its range.
Body Ratiobr = |rc − ro| / (rh − rl), computed on the RTH session.
relrRTH range divided by the median of the 20 previous RTH ranges. relr ≥ 1 means: today is bigger than the typical one of the last four weeks.
Walk-Forwardevery test year is computed from a model that has only seen data before it; the training window grows with every year. No fit sees its own test.

The numbers in this report are recomputed on every publish — from data/daily-bars-*.json and data/open-features-*.json, which the extractor builds from the tick store.

Run: 1607 daily bars, 0.0 s.